I. Internal Factors
Design and Manufacturing: High-quality equipment utilizes high-strength, wear-resistant alloys (such as powdered steel) to manufacture the screw and barrel, significantly extending the service life of these core components.
Core Component Quality:
Screw and Barrel: These are the "heart" of the extruder. High-quality components exhibit low wear rates, ensuring stable production capacity and product quality.
Drive System: High-precision gearboxes and motors provide stable power, effectively preventing equipment damage caused by power fluctuations.
Control System: Advanced systems monitor and adjust process parameters in real time, preventing equipment damage caused by uncontrolled parameters.
II. External Factors
Operating Procedures and Process Parameters
Improper Start-up and Shutdown: Improper start-up and shutdown are among the primary causes of equipment damage. The correct procedure is "preheat → fully discharge the material → cut off the power supply." It is strictly prohibited to start the machine under high load while it is cold, as this can cause severe impact on the screw and drive components.
Improper Parameters:
Temperature: Excessively high temperatures can cause material decomposition, and the resulting corrosive gases will erode the screw and barrel; conversely, temperatures that are too low result in poor material plasticization, increasing the mechanical load on the screw.
Speed and Pressure: Excessively high speeds and pressures accelerate wear on core components and may even cause deformation of the die head or barrel rupture.
Material Management:
Hazards from Contaminants: Hard contaminants such as metal or sand in the material can instantly scratch the screw and barrel upon entering the barrel, causing severe or even irreversible damage. It is recommended to install magnetic separators or similar devices in the hopper.
Corrosive Fillers: Materials containing hard fillers such as calcium carbonate or glass fiber will significantly accelerate wear on the screw and barrel.
Raw Material Purity: Using low-quality, impure raw materials is essentially a "slow-acting poison" for the equipment, accelerating internal wear and corrosion.
Poor Operating Practices:
Frequent Start-Stops: Frequent thermal expansion and contraction places stress on the equipment, exacerbating component fatigue and damage.
Screw Idling: Prolonged screw idling is prohibited, as it causes severe dry friction between the screw and barrel due to the absence of material lubrication, resulting in serious scoring.